REGIO GLUTEALIS (GLUTEAL REGION)
- Crena analis (intergluteal cleft )
- Crena Ani (natal cleft )
- Sulcus glutealis (gluteal fold)
SKIN AND SUPERFICIAL FASCIA
DEEP FASCIA
MUSCLES
| Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Artery | Nerve | Action | Antagonist | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tensor fasciae latae | ऊरु प्रावरणी तानिका | iliac crest | iliotibial tract | primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) | flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso | |
| gluteal | नितंबिका | ||||||
| gluteus maximus | बृहत् /महा नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament | gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract | superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery | inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots) | externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting | Iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor |
| gluteus medius | मध्य नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus | greater trochanter of femur | superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) | abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh | lateral rotator group |
| gluteus minimus | लघु नितंबिका | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius | |||||
| lateral rotator group | at or below acetabulum of ilium | on or near greater trochanter of femur | inferior gluteal artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery | obturator nerve, piriformis nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris | laterally rotates hip | gluteus minimus, gluteus medius | |
| piriformis | तुम्बिका | sacrum | greater trochanter | piriformis nerve (S1 and S2 nerve roots)[9] | laterally rotates (outward) thigh | ||
| obturator externus | बाह्य गवाक्षिका | obturator foramen and obturatory membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | obturator artery | posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4) | adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh | |
| superior gemellus | ischial spine | nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) | |||||
| obturator internus | आभ्यंतर गवाक्षिका | ischiopubic ramus, obturator membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | abducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking | |||
| inferior gemellus | ischial tuberosity | obturator internus tendon | nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) | laterally rotates thigh | |||
| quadratus femoris | ऊरु चतुरस्रिका | intertrochanteric crest | inferior gluteal artery |
NERVES AND BLOOD VESSELS
APPLIED ANATOMY
