Show pageOld revisionsBacklinksBack to top This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong. ====== VAGINA ====== * Synonym * Colpos , vagina * Definition * Vagina is a fibromuscular canal , forming the female copulatory organ * Extent and situation * Erect posture * Directed upward and backward * Long axis of uterus and cervix * 90 degree with long axis of vagina * Size and shape * Anterior wall * 8 cm long * Posterior wall * 10 cm long * Diameter * Upper end * Twice the size 5 cm * Lumen is circular due to protrusion of cervix * Lower end * 2.5 cm * Distensible for delivery * Virgin * Partially closed by a thin annular fold * Mucous membrane called hymen * Married * Rounded elevations around vaginal orifice * Caruncular hymenales * * Fornices * Upper end or vaginal vault * Circular groove * Becomes deeper * Divided in to 4 fornices * Anterior fornix * Infront of cervix and shallow * Posterior fornix * Lies behind cervix and is deep * Lateral fornix * One on each side * * Relations * Anterior wall * Upper half is related to base of shoulder * Lower half to urethra * Posterior wall * Upper one fourth is separated from rectum by rectouterine pouch * Middle two fourths are separated from rectum by loose connective tissue * Lower 1/4th is separated from Amal canal by perineal body and muscles attached to it * * Lateral walls * On each side * Upper 1/3 re related to transverse cervical ligament of pelvic fascia in which are embedded a network of vaginal veins * Middle 1/3 related to pubococcygeus of levator Ani * Lower 1/3 pierces perineal membrane * Below which it is related to bulb of vestibule * Bulbospobgiosus and ducto of Greater vestibular gland of bartholin * * Arterial supply * Vaginal branch * From internal iliac artery * Cervicovaginal branch * Upper part of vagina * From uterine artery * Lower part * Middle rectal * Internal pudendal artery * Anastomosis * Vaginal azygous arteries * * Nerve supply * Upper 2/3 rd * Pain insensitive * By sympathetic L1,l2 * By parasympathetic S2 to S4 * Lower 1/3 rd * Pain sensitive * Pudendal nerve. * Inferior rectal nerve * Posterior labial branches of perineal nerve * * * Histology * * Mucous membrane * Nonkerstinised stratified squamous epithelium * Lamina propria * Loose connective tissue * Muscle coat * Outer longitudinal * Inner circular * Fibrous coat * Usual connective tissue * * en/vagina.txt Last modified: 2023/06/16 06:12by 127.0.0.1