UTERUS
- Uterus
- Synonym
- Hysteria , womb ,
- Definition
- Child bearing organ in females
- Situation
- In pelvis between bladder and rectum
- Palpated bimanually during a per vaginal examination
- Protects and provides nutrition to a fertilized ovum
- Size and shape
- Pyriform
- 7.5 cm long , 5 cm broad , 2.5 cm thick
- Weighs 30- 40 grams
- Position and angulation
- 90 with long axis of vagina
- Forward tilting of uterus relative to vagina
- Anteversion
- Backward tilting of uterus relative to vagina
- Retroversion
- Slightly flexed at level of internal os of cervix
- Anteflexion
- 125 degree
- Long axis of uterus corresponds to
- Axis of pelvic inlet
- Parts
- Upper expanded part - body
- Upper 2/3
- Lower cylindrical part - cervix
- Lower 1/3
- Junction of these two parts
- Isthmus
- Part of uterus above opening of fallopian tube
- Fundus
- Superolateral angle of body projects out
- Cornua
- Fundus
- Convex like a dome
- Covered with peritoneum
- Directed forward when bladder is empty
- Fertilized oocyte is usually
- Implanted posterior wall of fundus
- Or Upper part of body of uterus
- Anterior / vesical surface
- Body is flat
- Related to urinary bladder
- Covered with peritoneum
- Forms
- Posterior or superior wall of uterovesical pouch
- Posterior / intestinal surface
- Convex
- Related to coils of terminal ileum and to sigmoid colon
- Covered with peritoneum and forms anterior wall of rectouterine pouch
- Lateral border
- Convex and rounded
- Provides attachment to broad ligament of uterus
- Connects to lateral pelvic wall
- Uterine tube opens in to uterus
- At upper end of this border
- End of this border
- Anteroinferior to tube
- Gives attachment to round ligament of uterus
- Posteroinferior to tube
- Ligament of ovary
- Uterine artery ascends along the lateral border of uterus between two layers of broad ligament
- Cavity of uterus
- Sagittal section
- It is a mere slit
- Compressed anteroposterior
- Coronal section
- Triangular in shape
- At Apex
- Becomes continuous with canal of cervix
- Junction called as internal os
- Cervix
- Supravaginal part
- Relation
- Anterior
- Bladder
- Posterior
- Rectouterine pouch containing coils of intestine and rectum
- Each side
- Ureter and to uterine artery embedded in parametrium
- Vaginal part
- Projects in to anterior wall of vagina
- Space between it and vagina
- Fornices
- Communication
- Externally by external os
- Nulliparous women
- Small and circular
- Multiparous women
- Bounded by anterior and posterior lips
- Cervical canal
- Cavity of cervix.
- Fusiform in shape
- Internal os
- Canal is flattened
- Anterior wall
- Posterior wall
- Walls show
- Mucous folds
- Arbor vitae uteri
- Folds interlock with each other to close the canal
- Ligaments of uterus
- Peritoneal ligaments
- Anterior ligament
- Uterovesical fold of peritoneum
- Posterior ligament
- Rectovaginal fold forming rectovaginal pouch of peritoneum
- Broad ligaments ( right and left )
- Bladder to lateral pelvic wall
- Surfaces
- Anterior , posterior
- Borders
- Upper , lower , medial , lateral
- Upper border is free
- Mesoovarium
- Attached to posterior later of braod ligament
- Mesosalpinx
- Suspensory ligament of ovary or infundibulopelvic ligament
- Broad ligament consists of following structures
- Uterine tube
- Round ligament
- Ligament of ovary
- Uterine vessels
- Ovarian vessels in infundibulopelvic ligament
- Uterovaginal and ovarian nerve plexus
- Epoophoron
- Paraphooron
- Fibromuscular ligaments
- Round ligament of uterus
- Transverse cervical ligament
- Uterosacral ligament
- Arterial supply
- Uterine artery
- Division of internal iliac artery
- Partly by ovarian artery
- Venous drainage
- Lymphatic drainage
- Nerve supply
- Supports of uterus
- Primary supports
- Muscular or active supports
- Pelvic diaphragm
- Perineal body
- Distal urethral sphincter mechanism
- Fibromuscular or mechanical support
- Uterine axis
- Pubocervical ligament
- Transverse cervical ligament of mackenrodt
- Uterosacral ligament
- Round ligament of uterus
- Secondary support
- Broad ligament
- Vesicputerine pouch and fold of peritoneum
- Rectovaginal pouch or rectouterine pouch and fold of peritoneum
- Role of individual supports
- Pelvic diaphragm
- Perineal body
- Urethral sphincter mechanism
- Uterine axis
- Pubocervical ligaments
- Transverse cervical ligaments of mackenrodt
- Uterosacral ligaments
- Round ligament of uterus
