en:upperlimb_movements [Chapters]

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====== UPPER LIMB MOVEMENTS ======


| Clavicle Depression               |                                        | Subclavius                                                                    |
| scapula depression                |                                        | pectoralis major(PM) and minor (Pm)                                           |
| scapula elevation                 |                                        | trapezius , levator scapulae                                                  |
| Retracts Scapula                  | {{:blank:scapula-retract.png}}         | Rhomboideus major (RM) and minor (Rm)                                         |
| shoulder abduction                | {{:blank:shoulder_abduction.png}}      | deltoid , supraspinatus                                                       |
| shoulder adduction                | {{:blank:shoulder_adduction.png}}      | pectoralis major, infraspinatus , teres minor (Tm) , coracobrachialis         |
| shoulder circumduction            | {{:blank:shoulder_circumduction.png}}  |                                                                               |
| shoulder extension                | {{:blank:shoulder_extension.png}}      |                                                                               |
| shoulder flexion                  | {{:blank:shoulder_flexion.png}}        | deltoid , coracobrachialis (CB)                                               |
| external/lateral rotation of arm  | {{:blank:external_rotation_arm.png}}   | infraspinatus and teres minor                                                 |
| internal/medial rotation of arm   | {{:blank:internal_rotation_arm.png}}   | teres major , subscapularis                                                   |
| elbow extension                   | {{:blank:elbow_extension.png}}         | triceps brachii , anconeus                                                    |
| elbow flexion                     | {{:blank:elbow_flexion.png}}           | biceps brachii (BB) , brachialis (B) , pronator teres , Brachioradialis (BR)  |
| hand pronation                    | {{:blank:prone_hand.png}}              | pronator teres(PT) , pronator Quadratus (PQ)                                  |
| hand supination                   | {{:blank:supine_hand.png}}             | biceps brachii , Supinator                                                    |
| radial deviation/wrist abduction  | {{:blank:radial_deviation.png}}        | flexor carpi radialis(FCR)                                                    |
| ulnar deviation/Wrist adduction   | {{:blank:ulnar_deviation.png}}         | flexor carpi ulnaris(FCU)                                                     |
| wrist extension                   | {{:blank:wrist_extension.png}}         |                                                                               |
| wrist flexion                     | {{:blank:wrist_flexion.png}}           | palmaris longus , FCR , FCU , FDP                                             |
| palmar flexion hand               | {{:blank:palmarflexion_hand.png}}      |                                                                               |
| dorsiflexion hand                 | {{:blank:dorsiflexion_hand.png}}       |                                                                               |
| finger abduction                  | {{:blank:finger_abduction.png}}        | Dorsal Interossei                                                             |
| finger adduction                  | {{:blank:finger_adduction.png}}        | Palmar interossei                                                             |
| finger extension                  | {{:blank:finger_extension.png}}        | Extensor Digitorum (ED) ,                                                     |
| finger flexion                    | {{:blank:finger_flexion.png}}          | flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) , Flexor digitorum Profundus (FDP)       |
| thumb abduction                   | {{:blank:thumb_abduction.png}}         | Abductor pollicis longus (APL) , Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB)               |
| thumb adduction                   | {{:blank:thumb_adduction.png}}         | Adductor Pollicis                                                             |
| thumb extension                   | {{:blank:thumb_extension.png}}         |                                                                               |
| thumb flexion                     | {{:blank:thumb_flexion.png}}           | Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) , flexor pollicis Brevis (FPB)                   |
| Thumb Opposition                  | {{:blank:opposition.png}}              | Opponens Pollicis (OL)                                                        |
| little finger abduction           | {{:blank:littlefinger-adbuct.png}}     | Abductor digiti Minimi (ADM)                                                  |
| little finger flexion             |                                        | flexor digiti minimi brevis (FDMB)                                            |
|                                   | {{:blank:littlefinger-adduct.png}}     |                                                                               |

===== Arm and hand mudras  =====
  * [[:en:gesture |GESTURE]]


  * Finger flexion : fist , claw hand , tiger claw , bear claw hand 
  * Finger extension : two finger hand , Buddha's palm , blessing hand 
  * Finger extension and flexion combination mudras : 
  * Finger opposition mudras : meditating finger 



Two hands combination

  * Joined palms of both hand 
  * Joined dorsum of both hands 
  * Joined palms of both hand one above another