====== TRACHEA ======


{{:histology:trachea.jpg}}
{{:histology:trachea.png}}


===== TERMINOLOGY =====


| TRACHEA                           | TRACHEA                  |   |
| Pars cervicalis; pars colli       | Cervical part            |   |
| Pars thoracica                    | Thoracic part            |   |
| Cartilagines tracheales           | Tracheal cartilages      |   |
| M. trachealis                     | Trachealis               |   |
| Ligg. anularia; ligg. trachealia  | Anular ligaments         |   |
| Paries membranaceus               | Membranous wall          |   |
| Bifurcatio tracheae               | Tracheal bifurcation     |   |
| Carina tracheae                   | Carina of trachea        |   |
| Tunica mucosa                     | Mucosa; mucous membrane  |   |
| Glandulae tracheales              | Tracheal glands          |   |










  * TRACHEA 
    * Synonyms 
      * Rough air vessel , 
    * Structural Features 
      * Non collapsible 
      * Cartilages
        * Presence of c shaped cartilaginous rings deficient posteriorly 
        * Hyaline cartilage
      * Trachealis muscle 
      * Annular ligament
      * Membranous wall 
    * Microscopic Features 
      * mucous membrane
        * mucous epithelium 
        * mucous glands 
      * hyaline cartilage
      * Tracheal glands
    * Dimensions 
      * 10 to 15 cm long 
    * Situation 
      * Upper half in neck 
      * Lower half in superior mediastinum 
    * Parts 
      * Cervical part 
          * Begins at 
          * Lower border of cricoid cartilage opposite C6 vertebra 
        * Relations 
          *  Anterior 
            * Isthmus of thyroid gland covering second and third tracheal rings 
            * Inferior thyroid veins below isthmus 
            * Fascia 
            * Pretracheal fascia enclosing thyroid 
            * Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles 
            * Investing layer of deep cervical fascia 
            * Skin and superficial fascia 
          * Posterior 
            * Oesophagus 
            * Longus colli 
            * Recurrent laryngeal nerve in tracheo oesophageal groove 
          * Each side 
            * Corresponding lobe of thyroid gland 
            * Common carotid artery with in carotid sheath 
      * Thoracic part 
        * Follows curvature of spine , runs downards 
        * Enters thorax in median plane 
        * Tracheal bifurcation
        * Carina of trachea