*  cardiac surgical procedures
  *  cardiomyoplasty
  *  heart arrest, induced
  *  circulatory arrest, deep hypothermia induced
  *  heart bypass, right
  *  fontan procedure
  *  heart massage
  *  heart transplantation
  *  heart-lung transplantation
  *  heart valve prosthesis implantation
  *  myocardial revascularization
  *  angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary
  *  atherectomy, coronary
  *  coronary artery bypass
  *  coronary artery bypass, off-pump
  *  internal mammary-coronary artery anastomosis
  *  pericardial window techniques
  *  pericardiectomy
  *  pericardiocentesis
  *  mediastinoscopy
  *  pulmonary surgical procedures
  *  bronchoscopy
  *  collapse therapy
  *  pneumonolysis
  *  pneumothorax, artificial
  *  lung transplantation
  *  heart-lung transplantation
  *  pneumonectomy
  *  pneumonolysis
  *  thoracoplasty
  *  thoracoscopy
  *  thoracic surgery, video-assisted
  *  thoracostomy
  *  thoracotomy
  *  thymectomy
  *  tracheostomy
  *  tracheotomy