Show pageOld revisionsBacklinksBack to top This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong. ====== MIDDLE EAR ====== * Tympanic cavity or middle ear , ear air cavity * Formed by * petrous part of temporal bone * between external ear and internal ear * shape * like a Cube , but not perfect cube * cube is compressed from side to side * lateral and medial walls are large * other walls are narrow * cavity appears biconcave in coronal section * 6mm distance between at upper end * 2mm in middle * 4mm in lower part or floor * parts * tympanic cavity proper * opposite the tympanic membrane * epitympanic recess * above the level of tympanic membrane * Communications * anteriorly * nasopharynx through auditory tube * posteriorly with * mastoid antrum and mastoid air cells through aditus * walls * Tegmental wall; tegmental roof * formed by thin plate of bone called tegmen tympani * separates middle ear from middle cranial fossa * prolonged forwards as roof of canal for tensor tympani * transmits a vein from middle ear to superior petrosal sinus * Epitympanic recess * Cupular part * Jugular wall; floor * thin plate of bone which is a part of temporal bone * separates middle ear from superior bulb of internal jugular vein * nearer to medial wall floor * tympanic canaliculus * transmits tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve * to medial wall of middle ear * Styloid prominence * Labyrinthine wall; medial wall * Oval window * Fossa of oval window * Promontory * Groove of promontory * Subiculum of promontory * Sinus tympani * Round window * Fossa of round window * Crest of round window * Processus cochleariformis * Secondary tympanic membrane * Mastoid wall; posterior wall * Above to downwards * Superiorly * Aditus to mastoid antrum * epitympanic recess communicates with tympanic antrum * Prominence of lateral semicircular canal * Prominence of facial canal * Fossa of incus * near junction of posterior and medial walls * Pyramidal eminence * Posterior sinus * Tympanic aperture of canaliculus for chorda tympani * Mastoid antrum * Mastoid cells * Tympanic cells * Carotid wall or anterior wall * upper most part * opening of canal for tensor tympani * middle part * opening of auditory tube * inferior part * thin plate of bone * forms posterior wall of carotid canal * separates middle ear from internal carotid artery * perforated by * superior and inferior sympathetic carticotympanic nerves * tympanic branch of ICA * Bony septum continues * processus cochleariformis * posterior end forms a pulley around tendon of tensor tympani * Membranous wall; lateral wall * formed by tympanic membrane and partly by squamous temporal bone * separates middle ear from external acoustic meatus * near tympanic notch * * AUDITORY OSSICLES * Stapes * Head of stapes * Anterior limb * Posterior limb * Base of stapes; footplate * Incus * Body of incus * Long limb * Lenticular process * Short limb * Malleus * Handle of malleus * Head of malleus * Neck of malleus * Lateral process * Anterior process * ARTICULATIONS OF AUDITORY OSSICLES * Incudomallear joint * Incudostapedial joint * Tympanostapedial syndesmosis * Ligaments of auditory ossicles * Anterior ligament of malleus * Superior ligament of malleus * Lateral ligament of malleus * Superior ligament of incus * Posterior ligament of incus * Stapedial membrane * Anular ligament of stapes * MUSCLES OF AUDITORY OSSICLES * Tensor tympani * Stapedius * Mucosa of tympanic cavity * Posterior fold of malleus * Anterior fold of malleus * Fold of chorda tympani * Recesses of tympanic membrane * Anterior recess * Superior recess [[Prussak]] * Posterior recess * Fold of incus * Fold of stapedius * PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE; AUDITORY TUBE * Tympanic opening * Bony part * Isthmus * Tubal air cells * Cartilaginous part * Cartilage of tube * Medial lamina * Lateral lamina * Membranous lamina * Mucosa; mucous membrane * Tubal glands * Pharyngeal opening {{:anatomy:ear-middle-box.png}} {{:anatomy:ear-middle-membrane.png}} {{:anatomy:ear-middle-tube-block.png}} {{:anatomy:ear-middle-tube.png}} {{:anatomy:ear-middle.png}} {{:anatomy:ear-middle_ossicles.png}} en/middle-ear.txt Last modified: 2023/06/18 13:33by 127.0.0.1