en:lower_limb

LOWER LIMB
- ILIAC REGION
- GLUTEAL REGION
- THIGH
- LEG
- FOOT
- DORSAL
- PLANTAR

LOWER LIMB

lower limb
- at hip
  - flexion
    - iliopsoas
      - iliacus
      - pasos major
        
        lateral rotation
      - psoas minor
    - medial rotation
      - tensor fascia lata
  - external rotation
    - extension
      - gluteus maximus
  - Medial rotation
    - abduction
      - gluteus medius
      - gluteus minimus
  - lateral rotation
    - piriformis
    - superior and inferior gemellus
    - obturator externus and internus
    - quadratus femoris
      - flexion and abduction
        
        sartorius
  - Adductor
    - gracilis
    - adductor
      - magnus
      - brevis
      - longus
    - pectineus
- LEG
  - at knee
    - extension
      - articularis genu
      - quadriceps femoris
        
        rectus femoris
        
        vastus medialis , lateralis , intermedius
    - flexion
      - lateral rotation
        
        biceps femoris
      - medial rotation
        
        semimembranosus , semitendinosus
        
        popliteus
    - medial rotation
      - gracilis
  - at FOOT
    - at ankle
      - Dorsiflexion / extension
        
        inversion
        
        tibialis anterior
        
        eversion
        
        fibularis tertius
      - plantar flexion
        
        gastrocnemius , soleus , plantaris
        
        inverts
        
        tibialis posterior
        
        eversion
        
        fibularis
        
        longus and brevis
    - at first toe
      - extensor
        
        hallucis
        
        longus
        
        brevis
      - flexor
        
        hallucis
        
        longus
        
        brevis
      - abduction
        
        abductor hallucis
      - adduction
        
        adductor hallucis
    - at digits / digipes
      - extensor / dorsiflexion
        
        digitorum
        
        longus
        
        brevis
      - flexor
        
        digitorum
        
        longus
        
        brevis
        
        quadratus plantae
      - abduction
        
        dorsal interossei
      - adduction
        
        plantar interossei
    - little toe
      - abductor digiti minimi
      - flexor digiti minimi brevis

ILIAC REGION

Muscle	HINDI	Action
iliopsoas	श्रोणिफलक कटिलंबिका	flexes hip (psoas major/minor, iliacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor)
psoas major	बृहत् कटिलंबिका	flexes and rotates laterally thigh
psoas minor	लघु कटिलंबिका	weakly flexes trunk flexor
iliacus	श्रोणिफलकिका	flexes hip[8]

GLUTEAL REGION

Muscle	HINDI	Action
tensor fasciae latae	ऊरु प्रावरणी तानिका	flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso
gluteal	नितंबिका
gluteus maximus	बृहत् / MAHA नितंबिका	externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting
gluteus medius	मध्य नितंबिका	abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh
gluteus minimus	लघु नितंबिका
lateral rotator group		laterally rotates hip
piriformis	तुम्बिका	laterally rotates (outward) thigh
obturator externus	बाह्य गवाक्षिका	adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh
superior gemellus
obturator internus	आभ्यंतर गवाक्षिका	abducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking
inferior gemellus		laterally rotates thigh
quadratus femoris	ऊरु चतुरस्रिका

THIGH

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	HINDI	Action
articularis genus		pulls suprapatellar bursa during extension of knee
sartorius	दीर्घतमा	flexes, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
quadriceps femoris	ऊरु चतुःशिरस्का	extends knee, flexes hip (rectus femoris only)
rectus femoris	समऔर्विका	knee extension; hip flexion
vastus lateralis	पार्श्व बृहदिका	extends knee
vastus intermedius	मध्य बृहदिका
vastus medialis	अभिमध्य बृहदिका

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	HINDI	Action
hamstring
biceps femoris	ऊरु द्विशिरस्का	flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)[10]
semitendinosus	कंडराकल्पिका	flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee[10]
semimembranosus	कलाकल्पिका

MEDIAL COMPARTMENT

Muscle	HINDI	Action
adductor muscles of the hip		adducts hip
gracilis	तनुपेशी	adducts hip, flexes hip, medially rotates knee[11]
pectineus	कंकताभिका	flexes and adducts hip[11]
adductor brevis	लघु अभिवर्तनी	adducts hip[11]
adductor longus	दीर्घाभिवर्तनी	adducts and medially rotates hip[11]
adductor magnus	बृहत् अभिवर्तनी	adducts hip[11]

LEG

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

Muscle	HINDI	Action
tibialis anterior		dorsiflexes and inverts foot
extensor hallucis longus	दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी	extends big toe, assists in dorsiflexion of foot at ankle, weakly inverts foot
extensor digitorum longus	दीर्घ पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी	extension of toes and ankle
fibularis tertius	तृतीय पादविवर्तिका	dorsi flexes and everts foot

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

SUPERFICIAL	HINDI
Muscle		Action
triceps surae	त्रिशिरस्का	plantarflexes ankle
gastrocnemius	उपरस्थिपिंडिका , परापिंडिका	plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee (minor)
soleus	पिंडिका	plantarflexes ankle
plantaris	अनुपिंडिका	plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee
DEEP
Muscle		Action
popliteus	जानुपृष्ठिका	medially rotates and flexes knee
tarsal tunnel
flexor hallucis longus	दीर्घ पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी	flexes all joints of big toe, plantarflexes ankle
flexor digitorum longus	दीर्घ पादांगुलि आकुंचनी	flexes toes
tibialis posterior		inverts foot, plantarflexes foot at ankle

LATERAL COMPARTMENT

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	HINDI	Action
fibularis longus		दीर्घ पादविवर्तिका	plantarflexes and everts ankle
fibularis brevis		लघु पादविवर्तिका	plantarflexes and everts ankle

FOOT

DORSAL

Muscle	HINDI	Action
extensor digitorum brevis	लघु पादांगुलि प्रसारिणी	extends digits 2, 3, and 4
extensor hallucis brevis	लघु पादांगुष्ठ प्रसारिणी	extends big toe
dorsal interossei of foot		abducts toes

PLANTAR

FIRST LAYER

Muscle	HINDI	Action
abductor hallucis	पादांगुष्ठापवर्तनी	abducts hallux
flexor digitorum brevis	लघु पादांगुलि आकुंचनी	flexes lateral four toes
abductor digiti minimi	कनिष्ठपवर्तनी	flexes and abducts fifth toe

SECOND LAYER

Muscle	MANTRAKSHAR	Action
quadratus plantae		flexes distal interphalangeal joints (assists flexor digitorum longus)
lumbricals		maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints

THIRD LAYER

Muscle	HINDI	Action
flexor hallucis brevis	लघु पादांगुष्ठ आकुंचनी	flexes big toe
adductor hallucis	पादांगुष्ठाभिवर्तनी	adducts big toe
flexor digiti minimi brevis	लघु कनिष्ठा आकुंचनी	extends and adducts fifth toe

FOURTH LAYER

Muscle	Action
plantar interossei	adducts toes 3 - 5, strengthens transverse arch
dorsal interossei	abducts toes

Table of Contents

LOWER LIMB

ILIAC REGION

GLUTEAL REGION

THIGH

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

MEDIAL COMPARTMENT

LEG

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT

POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

LATERAL COMPARTMENT

FOOT

DORSAL

PLANTAR

FIRST LAYER

SECOND LAYER

THIRD LAYER

FOURTH LAYER