====== HIP JOINT ====== * Hip joint * Type * Ball and socket type * Articular surfaces * Head of femur * Forms more than half a sphere * Covered with hyaline cartilage * Except at fovea * Acetabulum of hip joint * Horse shoe shaped * Lunate articular surface * Covered with cartilage * Acetabular notch * Acetabular fossa * Special features * High degree of stability and mobility * Strength depends upon * Depth of acetabulum * Narrowing of mouth by acetabular labrum * Tension and strength of ligaments * Strength of surrounding muscles * Length and obliquity of neck of femur * Atmospheric pressure * Ligaments * names in brief * Fibrous capsule * Iliofemoral ligament * Pubofemoral ligament * Ischiofemoral ligament * Ligament of head of femur * Acetabular labrum * Transverse acetabular ligament * Names in detail * 1. Fibrous capsule * Attached * Acetabular labrum * Transverse acetabular ligament * Bone above and behind acetabulum * Infront * On femur to intertrochanteric line * Behind * 1cm medial to intertrochanteric crest * Pubofemoral ligament and vertical band of iliofemoral ligament * 2. Iliofemoral ligament * Called as ligament of Bigelow * Strongest ligaments * Prevents trunk from falling backward in standing posture * Shape * Inverted Y shape * Triangular in shape * Apex * attached to Lower half of AIIS * Base * To intertrochanteric line * Fibers * Upper oblique - thick * Middle - thin and weak * Lower vertical - thick and strong band * Pubofemoral ligament * Supports joint * Inferomedially * Triangular in shape * Attached * Superiorly to * Iliopubic eminence * Obturator crest * Obturator membrane * Inferiorly * Merges with anteroinferior part of capsule * Lower band of iliofemoral ligament * Ischio-femoral ligament * Weak * Covers joint posteriorly * Fibers * Twisted * Form zona orbicularis * Attached * Ischium to acetabulum * Ligament of head of femur * Synonym * Round ligament, ligamentum teres * Shape * Flat , triangular * Attachment * Apex to fovea capitis * Base to transverse ligament and to margins of acetabular notch * Thin , even absent * Transmits * Arteries to head of femur * from acetabular branches of obturator and medial circumflex femoral arteries * Acetabular labrum * Fibrocartilaginous rim * Margins of acetabulum * Helps in holding femur in position * Transverse ligament * Part of acetabular labrum * Bridges acetabular notch * Converted to a foramen * Acetabular vessel and nerves * Relations * Anterior * Posterior * Superior * Inferior * Blood supply * Obturator artery * Two circumflex femoral * Arterial circle around capsular attachment * Two gluteal * Nerve supply * Femoral nerve * Through nerve to rectus Femoris * Anterior division of obturator nerve * Nerve to quadratus Femoris * Superior gluteal nerve * Movements L ^ CATEGORY ^ HIP JOINT ^ | Type | Synovial ball and socket; multiaxial | | Articular surfaces | Head of femur, lunate surface of acetabulum | | Ligaments | Capsular: iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral | | Intracapsular: transverse ligament of the acetabulum, ligament of the head of the femur | Intracapsular: transverse ligament of the acetabulum, ligament of the head of the femur | | Innervation | Femoral nerve, obturator nerve, superior gluteal nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris | | Blood supply | Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries, obturator artery, superior and inferior gluteal arteries | | Movements | Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external rotation, internal rotation and circumduction | ===== HIP JOINT ===== {{:anatomy:hipjoint.png|}} {{:anatomy:hipjontsynov.png}} ===== HIP MOVEMENTS ===== {{:anatomy:hipmovements.png}} ===== MUSCLES OF HIP ===== {{:anatomy:anterior-thigh-andd-hipflexors.png}} ===== LIGAMENTS ===== {{:anatomy:hip_joint_ligaments.png}} ===== BLOOD SUPPLY ===== {{:anatomy:hipjoint_relations.png}} {{:anatomy:hipjointbloodsupply.png}}