====== EXTERNAL EAR ======

  * Side of Head 
    * Semicircular crumpled plate with a central aperture called 
     * EAR , OTO , AURIS 
       * Externally visible part, EXTERNAL EAR 
         * Auricle; pinna
            * lower part 
              * Lobule of auricle; lobe of ear
              * soft 
            * Auricular cartilage
            * Helix
              * Crus of helix
              * Spine of helix
              * Tail of helix
            * Antihelix
              * Triangular fossa
              * Crura of antihelix
            * Scapha
            * Concha of auricle
              * Cymba conchae
              * Cavity of concha
            * Antitragus
            * Tragus
            * Anterior notch
            * Intertragic incisure; intertragic notch
            * (Auricular tubercle [[Darwini]])
            * (Apex of auricle; tip of ear)
            * Posterior auricular groove
            * (Supratragic tubercle)
            * Isthmus of cartilaginous auricle
            * Terminal notch of auricle
            * Fissura antitragohelicina
            * Groove of crus of helix
            * Fossa antihelica; antihelical fossa
            * Eminentia conchae
            * Eminentia scaphae
            * Eminentia fossae triangularis
            * Ligaments of auricle
              * Anterior ligament of auricle
              * Superior ligament of auricle
              * Posterior ligament of auricle
            * Auricular muscles
              * Helicis major
              * Helicis minor
              * Tragicus
                * (Muscle of terminal notch)
              * Pyramidal muscle of auricle
              * Antitragicus
              * Transverse muscle of auricle
              * Oblique muscle of auricle
            * External acoustic meatus
              * Features 
                * External acoustic pore; external acoustic aperture
                * Tympanic notch
                * Cartilaginous external acoustic meatus
                  * Cartilage of acoustic meatus
                  * Notch in cartilage of acoustic meatus
                * Tragal lamina
              * Framework 
                * Bony part 
                  * tympanic plate of temporal bone
                    * C shaped 
                    * Posterosuperior part is deficient 
                  * Deficient part is formed by squamous temporal bone
                * Cartilaginous Part 
                  * C shaped 
          * Tympanic membrane
            * Pars flaccida [[Shrapnell's membrane]]
            * Pars tensa
            * Anterior malleolar fold
            * Posterior malleolar fold
            * Malleolar prominence
            * Malleolar stria
            * Umbo of tympanic membrane
            * Fibrocartilaginous ring
            * Shape 
              * Oval 
            * Position 
              * placed obliquely at an angle of 55 degrees with floor of meatus 
            * Surfaces 
              * Outer surface 
                * thin skin 
                * concave
              * Inner surface   
                * convex
                  * point of maximum convexity at attachment 
                    * attached to handle of malleus 
                    * called as umbo 
            * Margin 
              * membrane is thickened at its circumference 
                * fixed to tympanic sulcus of temporal bone on tympanic plate 
                * superiorly it is deficient 
                  * attached to tympanic notch 
                    * from ends of notch 
                      * two bands arise  
                        * anterior and posterior malleolar folds 
                      * to attach lateral process of malleus 
            * Parts 
              * greater part of membrane is tightly stretched 
                * pars tensa 
              * part between two malleolar folds is loose 
                * pars flaccida 
                  * crossed internally by chorda tympani nerve 
              * membrane is held tensed by inward pull 
                * tensor tympani muscle 
                  * inserted on upper end of handle of malleus 
            * Structure 
              * outer cuticular layer of skin 
              * Middle fibrous layer 
                * superficial radiating fibres 
                * deep circular fibers
              * inner mucous layer 
                * ciliated columnar epithelium 
            * Blood supply 
              * deep auricular branch of maxillary artery 
            * Nerve supply 
              * outer surface 
                * auriculotemporal nerve 
              * inner surface 
                * tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve   

{{:anatomy:ear-external.png}}