====== COLON ======

      * Ascending colon
      * Right colic flexure; hepatic flexure
      * Transverse colon
      * Left colic flexure; splenic flexure
      * Descending colon
      * Sigmoid colon
      * Semilunar folds of colon
      * Haustra of colon
      * Omental appendices; fatty appendices of colon
      * Muscular layer; muscular coat
        * Longitudinal layer
        * Taeniae coli
          * Mesocolic taenia
          * Omental taenia
          * Free taenia
        * Circular layer


* 2	colon
    * 2.1	ascending colon
      * 2.1.1	right coloic flexure (hepatic flexure)
      * 2.1.2	12.5 cm long
      * 2.1.3	extends from caecum to inferior surface of right lobe of liver
    * 2.2	descending colon
      * 2.2.1	25 cm long
      * 2.2.2	left colic flx to sigmoid colon
      * 2.2.3	runs vertically up to iliac crest
    * 2.3	transverse colon
      * 2.3.1	left colic flexure (splenic flexure )
      * 2.3.2	50 cm long
      * 2.3.3	suspended by transverse mesocolon
      * 2.3.4	anteriorly related to greater omentum and anterior abd wall
      * 2.3.5	posteriorly to 2nd part of duodenum
    * 2.4	sigmoid colon( pelvic colon)
      * 2.4.1	37.5 cm long
      * 2.4.2	extends frompelvic brim to 3rd piece of sacrum
    * 3	relevant features
      * 3.1	wider in calibre
      * 3.2	longitudinal muscle coat forms a thin layer
        * 3.2.1	3 ribbon like bands called taenia coli
          * taenia libera
            * placed anteriorly
              * ascending colon
              * caecum
              * sigmoid colon
              * descending colon
            * inferiorly
              * transverse colon
          * taenia mesocolica
            * present on posteromedial surface
              * ascending colon
              * caecum
              * sigmoid colon
              * descending colon
            * posteriorly
              * transverse colon
              * taenia omentalis
            * posterolaterally
              * ascending colon
              * caecum
              * sigmoid colon
              *  descending colon
            * anteroposterior
              * transverse colon
        * 3.2.2	since taenia is shorter colon is puckered and sacculated
      * 3.3	appendices epiploicae
        * 3.3.1	small bags of peritoneum
        * 3.3.2	
      * 3.4	blood supply of colon
        * 3.4.1	marginal artery of drummond
        * 3.4.2	terminal branches of marginal artery
          * vasa longa
          * vasa brevia
      * 3.5	lymph nodes
        * 3.5.1	epicolic lymph nodes
        * 3.5.2	paracolic lymph nodes
        * 3.5.3	intermediate nodes
      * 3.6	epithelium is absorptive (coloumnar ) but villi are absent
    * 5	histology of colon
      * 5.1	mucous membrane
        * 5.1.1	invaginations called cryptps of leiberkuhn
      * 5.2	submucosa
        * 5.2.1	meissners plexus
        * 5.2.2	solitary lymphoid follicles
      * 5.3	muscularis externa
        * 5.3.1	outer longitudinal coat thickened to form
          * taenia coli
        * 5.3.2	inner coat is circular fibres
        * 5.3.3	outermost layer is serous layer


{{:anatomy:colon-ascandtrans.png}}
{{:anatomy:colon-descandsigm.png}}


{{:histology:large-intestine.jpg}}