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Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong. ====== CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ====== <a2s> .---------------------------------------------BODY---------------------------------------------------------+ | .----------------------------------------------------------------. | | .-----------. | .-----------. .-----------. .-----------. | .-----------. | | |[0] | | |[1] | |[2] | |[3] | | |[4] | | | | RIGHT +---+---+ RIGHT +--PA-----+ +---PV-----+ LEFT +---+---+ LEFT | | | | ATRIUM | | | VENTRICLE | | LUNGS | | ATRIUM | | | VENTRICLE| | | .----+------. | .-----------. .-----------. .-----------. | .------+----. | | | .-----------------------PULMONARY LOOP---------------------------. | | | | | | | | .---ORGAN TISSUES---------------. | | | | .----------. | .-----------------------. | .----------. | | | | |[5] | | |[6] | | |[7] | | | | +--+ ARTERIES +---------+---+-----CAPILLARIES-------+---+----------+ VEINS +--------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | .----------. | .-----------------------. | .----------. | | .-------------------------------. | .----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ [0]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:right_atrium |Right atrium ]]","stroke":"#F50078","a2s:delref":true} [1]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:right_ventricle |Right ventricle]]","stroke":"green","a2s:delref":true} [2]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:lungs|lungs ]]","stroke":"blue","a2s:delref":true} [3]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:left_atrium | left atrium ]]","stroke":"red","a2s:delref":true} [4]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:left_ventricle |left ventricle ]]","stroke":"yellow","a2s:delref":true} [5]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:arteries |Arteries ]]","stroke":"cyan","a2s:delref":true} [6]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:capillaries | Capillaries ]]","stroke":"magenta","a2s:delref":true} [7]: {"a2s:link":"[[:en:veins | Veins ]]","stroke":"grey","a2s:delref":true} </a2s> ====== SYSTEMA CARDIOVASCULARE (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM) ====== Anatomical Terminology :[[trash:terminologia-anatomica:cardiovascular-system|CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM]] Circulates blood around the body via the heart, arteries and veins, delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and cells and carrying their waste products away. Keeps the body's temperature in a safe range. * A closed loop , circulatory system , blood loop , supply loop * divided in to two loops * pulmonary loop , lungs loop , to lungs * right heart , impure heart , black heart * right atrium * venacava , impure body * right ventricle * Pulmonary artery , impure lung * systemic loop , body loop , to body * left heart , pure heart , white heart * left atrium * pulmonary veins , pure blood , pure lung * left ventricle * aorta , pure blood , nice blood * connected centrally to * pyramidal shaped structure called * heart , cor , cardia * walls , surfaces * General * apex of heart * formed entirely by LEFT VENTRICLE * directed downward,forward and to left * situated in left 5th intercostal space * medial to midclavicular line * lateral to midsternal * borders of heart * left border * formed by left ventricle * upper border * formed by two atria * right border * formed by right atrium * inferior border * horizontal * formed by right ventricle * 3 surfaces of heart * anterior / sternocostal surface * formed by right atrium and right ventricle * most of sternocostal surface is covered by lungs * part of it lies behind cardiac notch of left lung * this uncovered area is dull on percussion * area of superficial cardiac dullness * inferior or diaphragmmatic surface * rests on the central tendon of diaphragm * left 2/3 by left ventricle * right 1/3 by right ventricle * left surface * formed by * left ventricle * upper end by left auricle * upper part surface is crossed by coronary sulcus * base of heart * also called posterior surface * formed by left atrium and part of right atrium * relation * 4 pulmonary veins open in to left atrium * superior and inferior venacava open in to right strium * separated from vertebral column by pericardium * T5 - T8 Vertebra * in lying posture * descends by 1 vertebra in erect posture * Particular * endothelium , endocardium * myocardium * epicardium * pericardium * visceral * parietal * borders * right , left , inferior , upper * divided * externally by * grooves or sulci * atrioventricular / coronary sulcus * divided in to * anterior * right part * b/w right auricle and right ventricle * lodges right coronary artery * left part * left auricle and left ventricle * lodges circumflex branch of l;eft coronary artery * posterior * interatrial groove * interventricular groove * posterior interventricular groove * situated on inferior / diaphrammatic surface * anterior interventricular groove * nearer to left margin of heart * crux of heart , meeting of all grooves * internally by * septum * interatrial septum * interventricular septum * more general * [[:en:atrium|Atrium cordis (ATRIUM)]] , upper chamber , entry chamber * auricle * [[:en:ventricle|Ventriculus cordis (VENTRICLES)]] , lower chamber , exit chamber * more particular * right heart , impure entry and exit * left heart , pure entry and exit * connected peripherally through * tubular structures * oxygenated , pure blood tubes , vessels * pulmonary vein , lung vein , pure lung tube , left main entry * aorta , body artery , pure body tube , left main exit * deoxygenated , impure blood , vessels * pulmonary artery , lung artery , impure lung tube , right main exit * Venacava , body vein , impure body tube , right main entry * specific features * structure of heart * valves * atrioventricular valves * semilunar valves * fibrous skeleton * musculature of heart en/cardiovascular_system.txt Last modified: 2024/08/30 11:46by 127.0.0.1