en:atlanto_axial_joint [Chapters]

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====== ATLANTOAXIAL JOINT ======


| Type                | Atlantoaxial joint complex: Synovial joint; biaxial                                                                                                       |
| Articular surfaces  | Median atlantoaxial joint: dens of axis (C2), osteoligamentous ring (anterior arch of atlas [C1], transverse ligament of atlas)                           |
|                     | Lateral atlantoaxial joints: inferior articular surface of lateral mass for atlas, superior articular facet of axis                                       |
| Ligaments           | Cruciform ligament (transverse ligament of atlas, superior and inferior longitudinal bands), tectorial membrane, alar ligaments, apical ligament of dens  |
| Innervation         | Ventral primary ramus of the second cervical spinal nerve                                                                                                 |
| Blood supply        | Deep cervical, occipital, vertebral arteries                                                                                                              |
| Movements           | Principal movement; axial rotation,                                                                                                                       |
|                     | Limited flexion, extension, lateral flexion                                                                                                               |